This map, created by Herbert Froboess and entitled Deutschland 1945, shows some of the camps in Nazi Germany and some of the surrounding occupied countries.
Courtesy of The Wiener Holocaust Library Collections.
Ghettos and camps were used extensively by the Nazis during their time in power to segregate, oppress and persecute their opponents.
This section explores what ghettos and camps were, how they developed, and what life was like for those imprisoned inside them.
On 14 July 1933, the Sterilisation Law was passed. This made sterilisation of the disabled compulsory.
On 20 July 1933, the Vatican signed a Concordat with the Nazis. This made the Vatican the first state to officially recognise Nazi Germany.
On 12 July 1936, Sachsenhausen Concentration Camp was established in Oranienburg, near Berlin.
On 19 July 1937, an exhibition in Munich opened on 'Degenerate Art', presenting modern art as corrupt and un-German.
On 6 July 1938, the Evian Conference began. The conference was called to discuss the growing refugee problem in Europe.
On 22 July 1944, the extermination camp Majdanek was liberated by Soviet troops.
